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Capitalization Rate

Another name for cap rate — a property's annual NOI as a percentage of its value.

Definition

Capitalization rate is the formal name for the metric most investors call 'cap rate.' It expresses a property's annual net operating income as a percentage of its market value or purchase price. Cap rate is the standard metric for comparing real estate investments and is also used in commercial property valuation through the income approach.

Formula

Cap Rate = (Net Operating Income ÷ Property Value) × 100

Capitalization rate equals NOI divided by property value, expressed as a percentage.

Example

A commercial building generates $120,000 in annual NOI and is valued at $1,500,000. Cap rate = ($120,000 ÷ $1,500,000) × 100 = 8%. This is a healthy cap rate for many commercial markets and would attract serious investor interest.

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